Fast*114514 Read and Write

#include <iostream>
#define USE_FREAD
// #undef USE_FREAD
// 取消注释上一行会使用 getchar() 替代 fread，可以不使用 EOF 结束读入，但是降低性能 
namespace lib{
#ifndef LIB_STRING
    using string=std::string;
#endif
#ifdef USE_FREAD
    template <const long long MAXSIZE, const long long MAX_ITEM_SZ=500>
#endif
    struct IO {
#ifdef USE_FREAD
        char buf[MAXSIZE],*p1,*p2;
        char pbuf[MAXSIZE],*pp;
        IO():p1(buf),p2(buf),pp(pbuf) {}
        ~IO() {  fwrite(pbuf,1,pp-pbuf,stdout);  }
        inline char gc() {
            if (p1==p2) p2=(p1=buf)+fread(buf,1,MAXSIZE,stdin);
            return p1==p2?' ':*p1++;
        }
        inline void sync() { fwrite(pbuf,1,MAXSIZE,stdout); pp=pbuf; }
#endif
#ifndef USE_FREAD
        inline void sync() {}
        inline char gc() {  return getchar();  }
#endif
        char floatFormat[10]="%.6f", doubleFormat[10]="%.6lf";
        inline bool blank(char ch) { return ch==' ' or ch=='\n' or ch=='\r' or ch=='\t'; }
        inline bool isd(char x) {return (x>='0' and x<='9');}
        inline IO& setprecision(int d) {
            sprintf(floatFormat, "%%.%df", d); sprintf(doubleFormat, "%%.%dlf", d);
            return *this;
        }
        string input(int reserve=0) {
            char c = gc(); string res=""; res.reserve(reserve);
            while((c&&!blank(c)) || c==' ') {  res.push_back(c); c = gc(); }
            return res;
        }
        template <class T>
        inline void read(T &x) {
            double tmp=1; bool sign=0; x=0; char ch=gc();
            for (; not isd(ch); ch=gc()) if (ch=='-') sign=1;
            for (; isd(ch); ch=gc()) x=x*10+(ch^48);
            if (ch=='.') for (ch=gc(); isd(ch); ch=gc()) tmp*=.1f,x+=tmp*(ch^48);
            if (sign) x=-x;
        }
        inline void read(char *s) {
            char ch=gc();
            for (; blank(ch); ch=gc());
            for (; not blank(ch); ch=gc()) *s++=ch;
            *s=0;
        }
        inline void readln(char *s) {
            char c = gc(); while((c&&!blank(c)) || c==' ') {  *(s++)=c; c = gc();  }
        }
        inline void readln(string &res, int reserve=0) {
            char c = gc(); res.reserve(reserve);
            while((c&&!blank(c)) || c==' ') {  res.push_back(c); c = gc(); }
        }
        inline void read(char &c) {  for (c=gc(); blank(c); c=gc());  }
        inline void read(string &s){
            string().swap(s); char ch=gc();
            for (; blank(ch); ch=gc());
            for (; not blank(ch); ch=gc()) s.push_back(ch);
        }
        template <class T,class... Types> inline void read(T &x,Types &...args){  read(x); read(args...);  }
        template <class T> inline void scan(const T &x) { read(*x); }
        template <class T,class ...Types> inline void scan(const T &x,const Types &...args) {  read(*x); scan(args...);  }
        inline void push(const char &c) {
#ifdef USE_FREAD
            if (pp-pbuf==MAXSIZE) sync();
            *pp++=c;
#endif
#ifndef USE_FREAD
            putchar(c);
#endif
        }
        inline void write(const double x) {
#ifdef USE_FREAD
            if (pp-pbuf>=MAXSIZE-MAX_ITEM_SZ) sync();
            pp += sprintf(pp, doubleFormat, x);
#endif
#ifndef USE_FREAD
            printf(doubleFormat, x);
#endif
        }
        inline void write(const float x) {
#ifdef USE_FREAD
            if (pp-pbuf>=MAXSIZE-MAX_ITEM_SZ) sync();
#endif
#ifndef USE_FREAD
            printf(floatFormat, x);
#endif
        }
        inline void write(const char c) {  push(c);  }
        inline void write(const string &s){  for (auto i:s)  push(i);  }
        inline void write(const char *s){  for (; *s; ++s) push(*s);  }
        template <class T>
        inline void write(T x) {
            if (x<0) x=-x,push('-');
            static char sta[40]; int top=0;
            do {  sta[top++]=x%10^48,x/=10;  } while (x);
            while (top) push(sta[--top]);
        }
        template <class T,class... Types>  inline void write(const T &x,const Types &...args){ write(x); write(' '); write(args...); }
        template <class... Types> inline void writeln(const Types &...args){  write(args...); write('\n');  }
        template<class T=int> inline T get() {  T x; read(x); return x;  }
        // 流式输入输出
        template <class T> inline IO& operator>>(T&x) {  read(x); return *this; }
        template <class T> inline IO& operator<<(const T&x) {  write(x); return *this; }
    };
    IO
#ifdef USE_FREAD
    <1048576>
#endif
    io;
    const char endl[] = "\n";
}
using namespace lib;