The approval process for medicines by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a rigorous and multi-stage journey aimed at ensuring the safety, efficacy, and quality of pharmaceutical products before they reach patients. This process is vital for safeguarding public health and instilling confidence in the medications available on the market. The journey begins with preclinical research, where potential drug compounds are tested extensively in laboratories and on animals to understand their pharmacological properties, potential benefits, and possible risks. This stage involves evaluating the compound's mechanisms of action, toxicity levels, and overall safety profile. Successful preclinical studies provide the foundation for advancing to the next phase: clinical trials.